Graphics, Figures & Tables

wolfrain · Post by **wolfrain** » Tue Aug 31, 2010 11:59 pm

Hey,

sorry to bother you guys, but I think I couldn't find any answers to my specific question after I did some search around the BBS.

Basically, what I want to do is simply draw a diagonal line in my equation, which is shown here.

: Drawing1.png (44.45 KiB) Viewed 7501 times

I tried to put the environment 'equation' in environment 'figure', but it doesn't work.

Any idea of how to do that??

Many thanks!
Wolfrain

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achim · Post by **achim** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 12:49 am

Can you provide a working minimal example for the equation without the line?

I would use pstricks nodes for such a problem as in:

: PsEqNode.png (79.17 KiB) Viewed 7497 times

wolfrain · Post by **wolfrain** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 1:36 am

achim wrote:Can you provide a working minimal example for the equation without the line?

I would use pstricks nodes for such a problem as in:
PsEqNode.png

Thank you my friend!!

Code: Select all

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
    
\begin{eqnarray}
	\left | A_{4 \times 4} \right |=
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} & a_{14}\\ 
		a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} & a_{24}\\ 
		a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33} & a_{34}\\ 
		a_{41} & a_{42} & a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}
 		& = & ~~~a_{11} 
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{22} & a_{23} & a_{24}\\ 
		a_{32} & a_{33} & a_{34}\\ 
		a_{42} & a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}
		-a_{12}
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{21} & a_{23} & a_{24}\\ 
		a_{31} & a_{33} & a_{34}\\ 
		a_{41} & a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}		\nonumber	\\
		&		& + \: a_{13}
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{24}\\ 
		a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{34}\\ 
		a_{41} & a_{42} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}
		-a_{14}
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23}\\ 
		a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33}\\ 
		a_{41} & a_{42} & a_{43}
	\end{vmatrix}  	\nonumber	\\
	%\IEEEyesnumber\\
	%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
		& = & ~~a_{11}
	\left \{ a_{22}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{33} & a_{34} \\ 
		a_{43} & a_{44} 
	\end{vmatrix}  }_{<1>}
	%{\tikz \node[draw,circle]{12};}
		-a_{23}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{34} \\ 
		a_{42} & a_{44} 
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<2>}
		+a_{24}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{33} \\ 
		a_{42} & a_{43} 
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<3>}
	\right \}	\nonumber	\\
		&		& -a_{12}
	\left \{ a_{21}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{33} & a_{34} \\ 
		a_{43} & a_{44} 
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<1>}  
		-a_{23}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{34} \\ 
		a_{41} & a_{44} 
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<4>}
		+a_{24}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{33} \\ 
		a_{41} & a_{43} 
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<5>}
	\right \}	\nonumber	\\
		&		& +a_{13}
	\left \{ a_{21}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{34} \\ 
		a_{42} & a_{44} 
	\end{vmatrix}  }_{<2>}
		-a_{22}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{34} \\ 
		a_{41} & a_{44} 
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<4>}
		+a_{24}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{32} \\ 
		a_{41} & a_{42} 
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<6>}
	\right \}	\nonumber	\\
		&		& -a_{14}
	\left \{ a_{21}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{33} \\ 
		a_{42} & a_{43} 
	\end{vmatrix}  }_{<3>}
		-a_{22}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{33} \\ 
		a_{41} & a_{43} 
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<5>}
		+a_{23}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{32} \\ 
		a_{41} & a_{42} 
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<6>}
	\right \}
	%\IEEEyesnumber\\
	\label{eq:4-dimension-to-2-dimension}
	\end{eqnarray}	
	
	\end{document}

Above is the original code I used to generate the equation.
Actually the .png file you attached is really close to what I want! Apart from the red line, I am also trying to add some curly lines, just like what you did, in my equation.

Really thank you for your assistance!
wolfrain

achim · Post by **achim** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 2:24 am

Code: Select all

\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{scrartcl}
\usepackage{amsmath}


\usepackage{pstricks}
\usepackage{pst-all}
\usepackage{pstricks-add}

\begin{document}
	
\begin{eqnarray}
	\left | A_{4 \times 4} \right |=
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} & a_{14}\\
		a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} & a_{24}\\
		a_{31} & a_{32} & \rnode{a33a}{a_{33}} & a_{34}\\
		a_{41} & a_{42} & a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}
		& = & ~~~a_{11}
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{22} & a_{23} & a_{24}\\
		a_{32} & \rnode{a33b}{a_{33}} & a_{34}\\
		a_{42} & a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}
		-a_{12}
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{21} & a_{23} & a_{24}\\
		a_{31} & a_{33} & a_{34}\\
		a_{41} & a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}      \nonumber   \\
		&      & + \: a_{13}
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{24}\\
		a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{34}\\
		a_{41} & a_{42} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}
		-a_{14}
	\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23}\\
		a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33}\\
		a_{41} & a_{42} & a_{43}
	\end{vmatrix}     \nonumber   \\
	%\IEEEyesnumber\\
	%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
		& = & ~~a_{11}
	\rnode{leftbracket}{}\left \{ a_{22}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{33} & a_{34} \\
		a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}  }_{<1>}
		-a_{23}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{34} \\
		a_{42} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<2>}
		+a_{24}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{33} \\
		a_{42} & a_{43}
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<3>}
	\right \}   \nonumber   \\
		&      & -a_{12}
	\left \{ a_{21}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{33} & a_{34} \\
		a_{43} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<1>} 
		-a_{23}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{34} \\
		a_{41} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<4>}
		+a_{24}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{33} \\
		a_{41} & a_{43}
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<5>}
	\right \}   \nonumber   \\
		&      & +a_{13}
	\left \{ a_{21}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{34} \\
		a_{42} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}  }_{<2>}
		-a_{22}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{34} \\
		a_{41} & a_{44}
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<4>}
		+a_{24}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{32} \\
		a_{41} & a_{42}
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<6>}
	\right \}   \nonumber   \\
		&      & -a_{14}
	\left \{ a_{21}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{32} & a_{33} \\
		a_{42} & a_{43}
	\end{vmatrix}  }_{<3>}
		-a_{22}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{33} \\
		a_{41} & a_{43}
	\end{vmatrix}}_{<5>}
		+a_{23}\underline{\begin{vmatrix}
		a_{31} & a_{32} \\
		a_{41} & a_{42}
	\end{vmatrix} }_{<6>}
	\right \}\rnode{rightbracket}{}
	%\IEEEyesnumber\\
	\label{eq:4-dimension-to-2-dimension}
	%
	% Node connections:
	\ncline[linecolor=red]{leftbracket}{rightbracket}
	\nccurve[angleA=-60, ncurvA=1.5, angleB= 125, linewidth=0.6pt, linecolor=gray, linestyle=dashed]{->}{a33a}{a33b}
	\end{eqnarray}   
	
	\end{document}

: example.png (41.67 KiB) Viewed 7496 times

What the code means:
\rnode{label}{something} places a node on the 'something' object with a given label (much like labels for references in figures and tables).
You can then connect any existing node by using \ncline{firstlabel}{secondlabel} for a straight line. Additional commands for changing the line stile are accepted too. The \nccurve command does the same but with a curve instead of a plain straight line.
There are much more connecting lines available to choose from. For more on this check the pstricks documentation

Note:
The pstricks packages loaded in the preamble. Pdflatex compilation will nolonger work with the pdf package. You will have to compile tex-dvi-ps-pdf in order to use pstricks. This also means that any graphics included in the document (by \includegraphics{myepspic}) need to be encapsulated post script figures.
I hope this is not too much of a trade off for you. I personally use pstricks a lot and hence always compile tex-dvi-ps-pdf.

The last closing curly bracket looks odd, I don't know where this is coming from...(?) But, it was there before I started adding the nodes and lines. I'm clueless as to what causes this.

Cheers
Achim

ps: A general note on lines in equations. I think it's not regarded as good practice to cross out terms in equations, this should probably rather be described in text form. Also It becomes kind of messed up if you have too many arrows and lines pointing form one term to an other. I know this is exactly what I've done in the example I showed in my first response. I should mention, however, that I used this matrix in a beamer presentation and it served well for visualising my point.
"Use the Force wisely, Anakin...

"

achim · Post by **achim** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 2:33 am

pps: The weird looking thing on the last bracket is the equation number.
If you put a \nonumber after the bracket it disappears...

Try to decrease the width of the equation or decrease the left/right borders of the document.

Post by **localghost** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 9:24 am

wolfrain wrote:[…] Above is the original code I used to generate the equation. […]

It is not recommendable to use the eqnarray environment [1]. Include the amsmath package and use its align environment. For more useful stuff about math typesetting take a look at the »Math mode« document.

[1] The PracTeX Journal — TeX Users Group, Lars Madsen: Avoid eqnarray!

Thorsten

wolfrain · Post by **wolfrain** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 3:03 pm

achim wrote:pps: The weird looking thing on the last bracket is the equation number.
If you put a \nonumber after the bracket it disappears...

Try to decrease the width of the equation or decrease the left/right borders of the document.

Thank you so so much for your reply!

Your method really works in my case, however, there are 8 errors saying that "! No room for a new \dimen .", I think it is caused from the pstricks packages.

CrazyHorse · Post by **CrazyHorse** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 4:07 pm

wolfrain wrote:
achim wrote:Your method really works in my case, however, there are 8 errors saying that "! No room for a new \dimen .", I think it is caused from the pstricks packages.

Code: Select all

\usepackage{etex}

HErbert

wolfrain · Post by **wolfrain** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 6:31 pm

localghost wrote:
wolfrain wrote:[…] Above is the original code I used to generate the equation. […]
It is not recommendable to use the eqnarray environment [1]. Include the amsmath package and use its align environment. For more useful stuff about math typesetting take a look at the »Math mode« document.

As soon as the problem is sorted out, please act exactly according to Section 3 of the Board Rules.

[1] The PracTeX Journal — TeX Users Group, Lars Madsen: Avoid eqnarray!

Best regards
Thorsten

Thank you for your advice mate! I will give it a try.

wolfrain · Post by **wolfrain** » Wed Sep 01, 2010 6:44 pm

CrazyHorse wrote:
wolfrain wrote:
achim wrote:Your method really works in my case, however, there are 8 errors saying that "! No room for a new \dimen .", I think it is caused from the pstricks packages.
Code: Select all
\usepackage{etex}
HErbert

Thank you for your reply~

Actually the error message is something like this

Code: Select all

! No room for a new \dimen .
\ch@ck ...\else \errmessage {No room for a new #3}
                                                 \fi
1.297 \newdimen\pshooklength

And all 8 errors have different last lines saying:

Code: Select all

1.298  \newdimen\pshookwidth
1.1546 \newdimen\chart@ColorIndex
1.1547 \newdimen\chart@ColorStep
1.1548 \newdimen\pst@chartHeight
1.1549 \newdimen\pst@chartStackDepth
1.1550 \newdimen\pst@chartStackWidth

Unfortunately, it doesn't work even though I include this 'etex' package...

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