Math & Science ⇒ Text Book
Text Book
Learn LaTeX easily with newest books:
The LaTeX Beginner's Guide: 2nd edition and perfect for students writing a thesis
The LaTeX Cookbook: 2nd edition full of practical examples for mathematics, physics, chemistry, and more
LaTeX Graphics with TikZ: the first book about TikZ for perfect drawings in your LaTeX thesis
Re: Text Book
In general consider that the basic latex commands are enough powerful to create any kind of block you require. Basically, you could write your book just by means of \newtheorem and \newenvironment commands.