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\documentclass[11pt,letterpaper,twoside]{book}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[french]{babel}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage[total={6in,10in},left=1.5in,top=0.5in,includehead,includefoot]{geometry}
\usepackage[nodisplayskipstretch]{setspace}
\setstretch{1.1}
\raggedbottom
\usepackage{microtype}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\begin{document}
%\setlength{\abovedisplayskip}{1em}
\setlength{\abovedisplayshortskip}{0pt}
\setlength{\belowdisplayskip}{\abovedisplayskip}
\setlength{\belowdisplayshortskip}{\belowdisplayskip}
\setlength{\jot}{3ex}
Blablabla :
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
x(u, v) &= \cosh{u} \, \cos{v}, \\
y(u, v) &= \cosh{u} \, \sin{v}, \\
z(u, v) &= \sinh{u}.
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
Blabla bla bla :
\begin{align*}
dx &= \sinh{u} \, \cos{v} \: du - \cosh{u} \, \sin{v} \: dv, \\
dy &= \sinh{u} \, \sin{v} \: du + \cosh{u} \, \cos{v} \: dv, \\
dz &= \cosh{u} \: du.
\end{align*}
Bla bla.
\end{document}
\\[-11pt]
or \\[-1em]
the only options here? I feel nervous with adding a negative spacing, it's not "natural".Secondly, the vertical spacing between the second text line and the second align environment is clearly too large (short skip not working there?). Why is that?