Math & Science ⇒ help with causal diagrams

[halfaxa]

hello!

can you please help me finding a code to write down these two specific diagrams for causal inference?
can't find anything specific anywhere

[Bartman]

You can work through the tutorials in the documentation of pgf/TikZ and develop the drawing step by step. When you get to a point where you can't go any further, create a minimal working example and show it here.

[Bartman]

When I was looking for something else, I found the crosspost. Better late than never.