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Yes, it works for the contents / lof / lot, I added a pagebreak to avoid overlap here.

After that, it didn't work anymore.

\documentclass[
11pt,english, onehalfspacing, nolistspacing, liststotoc, headsepline,oneside,
chapterinoneline, reqno, a4paper, toctotoc
]{MastersDoctoralThesis}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{babel, xpatch}
\usepackage[backend=bibtex,style=authoryear,natbib=true ...

Final product:

Do you mind if I post my preamble here (again)?

Both are near identical, the difference is in some added packages. I am amazed by how difficult it is to remove the blank space

Apparently within the original software (R), it is not so easily achieved. Vector formatted files need specific software for editing, and is therefore not that straight forward. Would trim be an option? How does it work?

Done

Dear readers,

I am trying to fit in an .eps-formatted figure. However, there is excess white space between text and figure. Current code:

%
\begin{figure}[H]
\hspace*{-0.6in}
\includegraphics[scale = 0.6]{Figures/rstar_analysis.eps}
\vspace*{-35mm}
\caption{Combined estimated paths of $r ...

It does work perfectly in a fresh copy of the template. So something in my version is blocking it.
I didn't change anything in the class-file, so it has to be something in the preamble.

I am working in ShareLatex, I clicked ''logs and output files''.

With running 'exactly that code' you mean open a 'blank' MastersDoctoralClass.cls and post in your code in the main?