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If you put the whole name in braces, it should interpret it as a single unit and not abbreviate it.

It's a function of where the arrows are anchored. In this case, the defaults are (.east--.west), but the text is vertically centered on the entire letter, not on the baseline, so you're getting what looks like misalignment. You can use \arrow(.base east--.base west) to get the base lines ali...

We also do not have the ability to divine what piece of markup caused the violation without seeing a minimal working example. Please post one.

The line in tex.vim that sets up this particular piece of syntax highlighting is syntax region texZone start="\\begin{[vV]erbatim}" end="\\end{[vV]erbatim}\|%stopzone\>" If you enter the following command, it will do the syntax highlighting the way you want it (just enter this ri...

First, your modification to format.url is causing problems; delete the braces on your replacement line and it should fix that. Getting rid of the a/b/etc. labels in the bibliography is easy: comment out the "extra.label *" line inside format.date. Getting rid of the a/b/etc. labels in the ...

My guess is that there is a font substitution for the slanted Dellta symbol (which is an unusual glyph). I don't get any of that extra space if I just use txfonts, newtxmath, or mathptmx without substituting the main text fonts for something else (as you did in your example).

Not balancing columns is the default behavior.

Does the footbib package do what you are looking to do?

I'm confused as to what you want. Clearly, spreading a brace across a line break makes no sense. Do you want overbraces over both the end of one line and the beginning of the next one (i.e., two separate braces)? If you're trying to get the brace itself to split in an arbitrary location and continue...

The amsmath package wouldn't cause an overfull box. It may have allowed something to break in a different place, but without a , it's not 100% clear why you got a box like that. It probably means your in-line math was too long and overran the margins, and it probably fixed itself when you edited som...