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Code: Select all

\def\Item$#1${\item $\displaystyle#1$
   \hfill\refstepcounter{equation}(\theequation)}

\begin{document}

\begin{enumerate}
\item foo
\Item $ 1+2=3 $
\item bar
\Item $f(x)=\int\limits_a^bx^2\mathrm{d}x$
\end{enumerate}

Code: Select all

\usepackage{enumitem}

\begin{enumerate}
	\item $y = f(x)$ % compare with this
\end{enumerate}

\begin{enumerate}
  \item \rule{0pt}{1pt}\vspace*{-14pt}
    \begin{equation}
      \hspace{-483pt} y=f(x)
    \end{equation}
\end{enumerate}